全文获取类型
收费全文 | 225222篇 |
免费 | 22080篇 |
国内免费 | 11814篇 |
学科分类
工业技术 | 259116篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 503篇 |
2023年 | 4012篇 |
2022年 | 7081篇 |
2021年 | 10533篇 |
2020年 | 8010篇 |
2019年 | 6306篇 |
2018年 | 7102篇 |
2017年 | 7922篇 |
2016年 | 7181篇 |
2015年 | 9943篇 |
2014年 | 12388篇 |
2013年 | 14815篇 |
2012年 | 16629篇 |
2011年 | 17300篇 |
2010年 | 15086篇 |
2009年 | 14236篇 |
2008年 | 13572篇 |
2007年 | 12629篇 |
2006年 | 12415篇 |
2005年 | 10405篇 |
2004年 | 7041篇 |
2003年 | 5701篇 |
2002年 | 5183篇 |
2001年 | 4524篇 |
2000年 | 4158篇 |
1999年 | 4533篇 |
1998年 | 3678篇 |
1997年 | 3084篇 |
1996年 | 2864篇 |
1995年 | 2379篇 |
1994年 | 1891篇 |
1993年 | 1351篇 |
1992年 | 1107篇 |
1991年 | 813篇 |
1990年 | 600篇 |
1989年 | 486篇 |
1988年 | 378篇 |
1987年 | 246篇 |
1986年 | 209篇 |
1985年 | 132篇 |
1984年 | 121篇 |
1983年 | 82篇 |
1982年 | 89篇 |
1981年 | 72篇 |
1980年 | 77篇 |
1979年 | 41篇 |
1978年 | 32篇 |
1977年 | 33篇 |
1976年 | 44篇 |
1975年 | 20篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
23.
Zhenzhen Huang Xinxi Yang Qiqi Chen Leqi Chen Siyue Liang Qingzhu Zeng Ruifen Zhang Fei Huang Lihong Dong Dongxiao Su 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2022,57(5):3060-3068
This study aims to fabricate mineral-loading nanocarriers using natural materials. The interaction patterns between ovalbumin (OVA) and four water-soluble polyphenols, namely ferulic acid (FA), (-)-Epigallo-catechin 3-gallate (EGCG), gallic acid (GA) and epicatechin (EC), were investigated. Results showed that the optimised conditions for preparing stable OVA–polyphenol complexes are at the OVA–polyphenol ratio of 4:1 at pH 6, under which OVA–FA and OVA–EGCG showed the highest stability and mineral-loading capacity among four OVA–polyphenol complexes. The fluorescence results indicated that the addition of EGCG and FA induced a significant fluorescence quenching to OVA. The interaction between OVA and polyphenols involved hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interaction and electrostatic interaction. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis suggested that both FA and EGCG enhanced the stability and orderliness of the structure of OVA. The transmission electron microscopy images also exhibited the spherical structure of OVA after the addition of FA and EGCG. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope–energy dispersive X-ray spectrum results suggested that OVA–FA and OVA–EGCG complexes were better mineral carriers than OVA–GA and OVA–EC. This study may serve as the theoretical support for the promising application of OVA in the fabrication of mineral-loading nanocarriers in functional food and pharmaceutic. 相似文献
24.
Sumeng Wei Yining Xu Baohua Kong Meijuan Wang Jingming Zhang Qian Liu Yuling Yang 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2022,57(8):5024-5035
The present work was conducted to illustrate the mechanism of gel formation of myofibrillar proteins (MPs) under different microwave heating times. The results showed that the denaturation enthalpy (ΔH) of the MPs significantly decreased when the heating time increased from 3 to 9 s and then completely disappeared as the heating time progressed, indicating that the MPs gradually denatured and subsequently aggregated with increasing heating time, which was further verified by the changes in the secondary structure, electrophoretic bands, and gel properties (e.g., water holding capacity and textural profiles) of the MPs. Microstructural images indicated that the MP gel formed under 12 s had the most compact network, indicating that extended microwave heating time could induce quality deterioration of MP gels. Moreover, the hydrophobic forces, electrostatic forces, and disulphide bonds of the MPs gradually intensified with increasing microwave heating time, suggesting that both non-covalent and covalent bonds could promote molecular denaturation and subsequent aggregation of MPs. In addition, correlation analysis revealed that the changes in the molecular conformation of MPs induced by different microwave heating times could effectively regulate the formation of MP gels and their related properties. 相似文献
26.
27.
28.
首先研究不同红外辐射温度(100,110,120℃)及辐射时间(2.5,5,10 min)对胡萝卜粉微生物及品质的影响,然后根据栅栏效应原理研究红外辐射-回火、红外辐射-冷激联合杀菌对胡萝卜粉微生物、色调值、类胡萝卜素含量等品质的影响。结果表明:100℃、10 min的红外辐射处理使细菌和真菌分别降低了1.9 lg(CFU/g)和2.32 lg(CFU/g),110℃、5 min的红外辐射处使细菌和真菌分别降低了1.58 lg(CFU/g)和2.57 lg(CFU/g)。在上述两种处理条件下胡萝卜粉的水分活度从0.238分别降至0.123和0.147,胡萝卜粉中总类胡萝卜素含量从308.8μg/g降至227.8μg/g和238.8μg/g,色差值(ΔE)为9.11和7.89。与红外辐射单独作用相比,联合回火后的处理没有显著影响细菌数目,处理后保持在5.40~5.80 CFU/g,霉菌、酵母数却在处理过程中显著减少,然而减少量较低,总数仍不低于4.5 lg(CFU/g)。红外辐射-冷激联合处理相比红外辐射单独处理,100℃、10 min联合冷激7 d处理可将细菌数量降低0.25 lg(CFU/g),可将霉菌与酵母数量降低0.28 lg(CFU/g),110℃、5 min联合冷激7 d处可将细菌数量降低0.26 lg(CFU/g),可将霉菌、酵母数量降低0.40 lg(CFU/g),且这些处理下胡萝卜粉的色调值、水分活度、类胡萝卜素含量变化不显著。本试验结果表明,红外辐射-冷激处理具有协同效应,且处理过程中胡萝卜粉的色调值及总类胡萝卜素含量不受影响,这为低水分粉体食品红外辐射联合杀菌提供了参考。 相似文献
29.
30.
Fangqing Wei Xiaoqi Zhang Jiayun Song Feng Yang 《International Transactions in Operational Research》2023,30(1):369-393
Evaluating the efficiency of healthcare services accurately can help in analyzing the rationality of inputs and outputs in such services. Considering the consistency and equity of assessment criteria, this study conducts the stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis (SMAA-2) with a directional distance function to evaluate the efficiency of healthcare services in 31 provincial administrative regions of mainland China, as observed in 2018. We use SMAA-DDF to explore all the projection directions to the efficient frontier instead of a certain projection direction. We measure the maximum and average efficiencies for each of the 31 provincial healthcare services. Our empirical findings show that only seven provinces achieve optimal healthcare service efficiency; the eastern area performed the best, followed by the central, western, and northeast areas. Furthermore, the path along the projection directions is provided to help inefficient provinces improve their efficiency and obtain the best possible positions. 相似文献